Zhao, Lili https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-9246
Zhao, Runtao https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2945-2225
Gong, Zhou
Liang, Fuxiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3420-6763
Zhao, Nan
Zhong, Bowen
Liu, Maili https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9359-915X
Zhang, Yukui
Zhao, Qun
Zhang, Lihua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-2047
Tang, Chun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6477-6500
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2023YFF1204400)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (92353304)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22161132013)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22322411)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22322411)
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (XDB0540302)
Article History
Received: 31 August 2024
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.