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Authors
Chen, Wei
Tompkins, Kristin R.
Windsor, Ian W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6289-6928
Martinez, Lyndsey T. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3967-7776
Ramos, Minah
Li, Weiqiang
Shrivastava, Shikha
Rajput, Swati
Chang, Jeanne S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-8621
Sahasrabudhe, Parag https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-637X
Fennell, Kimberly F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1687-5237
McLellan, Thomas J.
West, Graham M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2157-2123
Dizon, Kristianne P.
Yam, Aaron
Mitra, Siddartha
Saha, Subrata
Sharaf, Daiana
McKeen, Andrew P.
Cadima, Carla I.
Muik, Alexander https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-2273
Swanson, Wesley
Munoz Moreno, Raquel
Mendoza Daroca, Pilar
Sahin, Ugur https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0363-1564
Anderson, Annaliesa S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-1718
Wu, Huixian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-9747
Swanson, Kena A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-8414
Modjarrad, Kayvon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-5572
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pfizer
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Competing interests
: All authors declare a competing interest. All authors are current or former employees of Pfizer or BioNTech and may, therefore, be respective shareholders and/or hold stock options. Pfizer and BioNTech participated in the design, analysis and interpretation of the data as well as the writing of this report and the decision to publish. W.L., A.M., U.S., K.A.S., and K.M. are inventors on patents and patent applications related to the COVID-19 vaccine. A.M. and U.S. are inventors on patents and patent applications related to RNA technology.
