Lewis, Robert G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3709-3170
Otsuka, Lauren
Punzo, Daniela
Sherafat, Yasmine
Florio, Ermanno
Zhou, Mingqi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7643-7873
Lallai, Valeria
Pham, Thu Dinh Nha
Seldin, Marcus https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-4759
Fowler, Christie D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-2163
Borrelli, Emiliana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-2541
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA050436, DA039658, DA035600, DA050558)
INSERM,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, FRANCE
Article History
Received: 5 July 2024
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: C.D.F. serves on the scientific advisory board of a therapeutic development company, GATC Health, which is unrelated to the research presented herein. All the other authors declare no competing interests.