Zhang, Xiaoxuan
Chasapis, Thomas C.
Lu, Kaiqing
Dylla, Maxwell Thomas
Huang, Meizhu
Snyder, G. Jeffrey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-8682
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52273029)
Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2023J06045)
Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, National Science Foundation (NSF DMREF #1729487)
National Science Foundation (NSF ECCS-2025633)
U.S. Department of Commerce (70NANB19H005)
Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 29 October 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.