Yang, Dong
Liang, Heyi
Zhang, Chengjie
Shao, Peipei
Li, Qin
Huang, Yun
Dan, Yi
Zeng, Cheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-441X
Wen, Rui-Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-1539
Jiang, Long https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-3815
Xiao, Ming https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2354-2059
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52203273)
Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Competing interests
: M. Xiao, D. Yang, C. Zhang, and L. Jiang are inventors on a pending Chinese patent application (Application No. 202511513123X, filed on 22 October 2025) related to the inverse design of structural colours in BBCPs, and they declare no other competing interests. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.