Dai, Qing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-1568
Baldwin, Tanner https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4603-1836
Lyu, Ruitu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-1604
Daniels, Bryan
Ye, Chang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-5671
Cao, Chen
Zhu, Chenyou
Fan, Diwen
Lin, Liane https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6437-8565
Liu, Yushuai
Wang, Yiding https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-8651
He, Chuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4319-7424
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (HG006827)
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Competing interests
: A patent application on UMBS-seq has been filed by the University of Chicago Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation. C.H. is a scientific founder, a member of the scientific advisory board and equity holder of Aferna Bio, AllyRNA, and Ellis Bio, a scientific cofounder and equity holder of Accent Therapeutics, and a member of the scientific advisory board of Rona Therapeutics and Element Biosciences. Q.D. holds equity in Ellis Bio Inc. R.L. serves as scientific advisor to Ellis Bio Inc. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.