DeSouza, Patrick A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-4452
Ishahak, Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-6048
Qu, Xuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-3315
McCornack, Colin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-1456
Annamalai, Devi
Mao, Diane D.
Vangipurapu, Rajanikanth
Fu, Yiwei
Vessoni, Alexandre T. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-5185
Cleary, Ryan T.
Han, Rowland H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8615-8532
Augsornworawat, Punn https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-5433
Woodiwiss, Timothy
Agovino, Darby
Sizemore, Braxton https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9200-2101
Kline, Jessica
Borhani-Haghighi, Maryam
Chen, Hao
Pugazenthi, Sangami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5179-5232
Yano, Hiroko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6548-0920
Wang, Ting https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-242X
Batista, Luis F. Z.
Millman, Jeffrey R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-3492
Kim, Albert H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1751-8493
Article History
Received: 6 August 2023
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 7 December 2025
Competing interests
: A.H.K. is a consultant for Monteris Medical and has received research grants from Stryker for a clinical outcomes study about a dural substitute, which have no direct relation to this study. J.R.M. was an employee of and has stock in Sana Biotechnology. M.I. has stock in Vertex Pharmaceuticals. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.