Xu, Yijie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-8262
Chang, Ziqiao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-9714
Shi, Zhiyu
Sun, Zijian https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5692-7726
Burda, Henrik
Wang, Weixiao https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9108-8147
Liu, Ning https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9079-9351
Ju, Yiguang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-2075
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0025371)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0021135)
National Science Foundation (OIA-2428523)
Tohoku University
Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.