Chen, Tianze
Xu, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3371-4467
Wang, Chongyang
Zhang, Xinrui https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-4372
Pei, Xianqiang
Wang, Tingmei
Wang, Qihua
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52375214)
Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y2022103)
the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research
the Excellent Doctoral Project of the Province Natural Science Foundation of Gansu
the Major Program of the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS
Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.