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Authors
Song, Zexin
Meng, Ni
Tian, Yimeng
Li, Jiwei
Ye, Huiyang
Mo, Anming
Sun, Changjiu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8106-6535
Li, Zhiqiang
Yang, Shaopeng
He, Tingwei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-4847
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52403373)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2024201002)
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Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
