Zhao, Xiaobin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9236-401X
Liao, Pengcheng
Mele, Francesco Anna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-5167
Chabaud, Ulysse https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-9819
Zhuang, Quntao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-3846
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-23-1-2296)
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR0011-24-9-0362,HR0011-24-9-0453, D24AC00153-02)
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (MURI FA9550-24-1-0349)
Article History
Received: 27 May 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.