Darko-Boateng, Arden https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-0755
Afriyie, Emmanuel https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1073-2765
Morgenstern, Travis J.
Shanmugam, Sri Karthika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-401X
Zou, Xinle
Laloudakis, Yianni D.
Choudhury, Papiya
Desai, Meera
Kass, Robert S.
Vallese, Francesca
Clarke, Oliver B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-196X
Colecraft, Henry M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-8899
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01-HL164319)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RO1-HL121253)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RO1-HL142111)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS126850)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R21-NS130409)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (F31 DK118866)
American Heart Association (20PRE35210815)
American Heart Association (POST1019343)
Article History
Received: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 6 December 2025
Competing interests
: T.J.M. and H.M.C. have filed a patent application through Columbia University based on this work. Travis J. Morgenstern and Henry M. Colecraft, 2019. Composition and methods for genetically-encoded high voltage-activated calcium channel blockers using engineered ubiquitin ligases (U.S. Application Serial No. 62/830,142). H.M.C. is a scientific co-founder and on the SAB of two startups, Stablix, Inc. and Flux Therapeutics, pursuing targeted protein stabilization therapeutics. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.