Azzam, Tala https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8739-7861
Bournazos, Stylianos
Gunduz, Hasret https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-7846
Adams, Trevor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-1694
Flowers, Maria W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7049
Niejadlik, Emily G.
Duong, Veasna
Brown, Trenton J.
Roberts, Anne M.
Sastre, Diego E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-5398
Avci, Fikri Y.
Lam, Wilbur A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-7990
Cantaert, Tineke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-1502
Roberts, Blaine R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5466-0053
Diamond, Betty https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-3804
Ravetch, Jeffrey V. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-9041
Du, Jonathan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7750-4413
Sundberg, Eric J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0478-3033
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI175869)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI137276)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01AI148102)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (2U19AI144306)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01AG085587)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01AG085587)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01AG085587)
Wellcome Trust (208710/Z/17/Z)
Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Competing interests
: T.A., D.E.S., J.J.D., and E.J.S. are inventors on a provisional patent application filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Emory University relevant to the work in this manuscript. All other authors declare they have no competing interests.