Sadiku, Pranvera
Brenes, Alejandro J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8298-2463
Mayer, Rupert L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-0147
Reyes, Leila
Coelho, Patricia
van Stralen, Gabi
Zhang, Ailiang
Sanchez-Garcia, Manuel A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-2332
Watts, Emily R.
Liaquat, Imran
Howden, Andrew J. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-9469
Adekoya, Ikeoluwa
Boldbaatar, Anuka
MacRaild, Allan
Risbridger, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-6989
Morrison, Gillian M.
MacPherson, Heather
Bruce, Caroline M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-946X
Johnston, Shonna
Grecian, Robert
Murphy, Fiona A.
Pollard, Steven M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6428-0492
Brennan, Paul M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7347-830X
Mechtler, Karl https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-9946
Walmsley, Sarah R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-174X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (098516, 209220, 225778)
Cancer Research UK (C62207)
Article History
Received: 1 August 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Competing interests
: S.M.P. is a founder, consultant and shareholder of Trogenix Ltd, a biotech that is working on advanced therapies for cancers of unmet need. He is an inventor on patents owned by the University of Edinburgh that have been licensed to Trogenix. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.