Pedersen, Sidsel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-6616
Byrdal, Mikkel https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1744-1069
Martinenaite, Evelina
Lorentzen, Cathrine Lund
Kjeldsen, Julie Westerlin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-1758
Thorsen, Steffen Ullitz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-2931
Kverneland, Anders https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-936X
Zocca, Mai-Britt
Andersen, Mads Hald https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2914-9605
Svane, Inge Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-6037
Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 14 December 2025
Competing interests
: M.B.Z. is a stakeholder at IO Biotech. M.H.A. is named as an inventor on various patent applications relating to therapeutic uses of IDO and PD-L1 peptides. These patent applications are assigned to the company IO Biotech, which is developing immune-modulating vaccines. M.H.A. is the founder, shareholder, and advisor for IO Biotech. E.M. is employed at IO Biotech. I.M.S. has received honoraria for consultancies and lectures from TILT Biotherapeutics, IO Biotech, Novartis, BMS, Genmab, MSD, Takeda, Sanofi Aventis, and Janssen Cilag; research grants from Evaxion Biotech, Adaptimmune, IO Biotech, Asgaard Biotech, TILT Biotherapeutics, and Enara Bio; and financial support for attending symposia from MSD. I.M.S. is the founder, shareholder, and advisor for IO Biotech. Other authors declare no conflict of interest.