Luo, Linjie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2365-0327
Wang, Yan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-8975
Bui, Tuyen
Jiang, Xiaoting
Chen, Mei-Kuang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-8990
Rao, Xiayu
Mohammadhosseinpour, Sepideh
Li, Mi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-4144
Kim, Serena
Kim, Rachel Y.
Kamaliasl, Saba
Ulizio, Carmen W.
Tsavachidis, Spyros
Navarro-Yepes, Juliana
Kettner, Nicole M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2043-4407
Wingate, Hannah
Meric-Bernstam, Funda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6816-6072
Hunt, Kelly K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9156-8723
Wang, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-0802
Faia, Kerrie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-160X
Keyomarsi, Khandan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5440-0849
Article History
Received: 26 November 2024
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Competing interests
: The following authors have relationships with the companies listed: F Meric-Bernstam: AbbVie, Aduro BioTech, Aileron Therapeutics, Alkermes, AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceutical, Black Diamond, Biovica, Calithera Biosciences, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Curis, CytomX Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo, Debiopharm International, Ecor1 Capital, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Eisai, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), F. Hoffmann-La Roche, FogPharma, Genentech, GT Apeiron, Guardant Health, Harbinger Health, IBM Watson, Immunomedics, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inflection Biosciences, Jackson Laboratory, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Klus Pharma, Kolon Life Science, Lengo Therapeutics, Loxo Oncology, Menarini Group, Mersana Therapeutics, Novartis, OnCusp Therapeutics, OrigiMed, PACT Pharma, Parexel International, Pfizer, Protai Bio, Puma Biotechnology, Samsung Bioepis, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Silverback Therapeutics, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Tallac Therapeutics, Tyra Biosciences, Xencor, Zentalis, Zymeworks. KK Hunt: Armada Health, AstraZeneca, Cairn Surgical, Eli Lilly & Co, Lumicell. S Damodaran: EMD Serono, Guardant Health, Novartis, Pfizer, Sermonix, Taiho. K Faia: Blueprint Medicines. K Keyomarsi: Apeiron, Blueprint Medicines, REPARE, Schrodinger, Novartis. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.