Guo, Yijia
Yin, Mengran
Gao, Han
Ou, Wennan
Wu, Pu
Liu, Chenshuaiyu
Xia, Siyu
Zheng, Xuntian
Luo, Haowen
Hong, Jiajia
Guo, Jinyan
Wang, Enzuo
Wen, Jie
Liu, Runnan
Zhou, Dong
Zhao, Lu
Li, Zhi
Liu, Jinhuo
Xie, Jin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2600-6139
Li, Ludong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-1985
Lin, Renxing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-7181
Tan, Hairen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0821-476X
Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 5 January 2026
Competing interests
: H.T. is the founder, Chief Scientific Officer, and Chairman of Renshine Solar (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., a company that is commercializing perovskite PVs. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.