Mou, Sen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6872-9389
Stantchev, Rayko I.
Saxena, Sonal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-5847
Ou, Huiliang
Rane, Shreeya
Pain, Sophie L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-2023
Murphy, John D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-5972
Hendry, Euan
Lloyd-Hughes, James https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9680-0138
Pickwell-MacPherson, Emma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-5959
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/V047914/1)
Royal Academy of Engineering (RF-2324-23-197)
Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 12 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.