Park, Chanho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1315
Hu, Zhiming
Li, Kan
Kim, Jin-Tae https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9933-1931
Rogers, John A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2980-3961
Funding for this research was provided by:
Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics at Northwestern University
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2024-00342270)
Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 15 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.