Yu, Jinhai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-6785
Guo, Tong
Gupta, Arun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7881-9935
Llano, Ernesto M.
Salisbury, Thomas https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5050-7221
Wajahat, Naureen
Zhao, Dianne https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9148-6103
Slater, Sean
Deng, Qing
Akbay, Esra A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-2529
Rothermel, Beverly A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9037-6703
Shelton, John M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-1638
Evers, Bret M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5686-0315
Wu, Zhidan
Tzameli, Iphigenia
Pashos, Evanthia
Kim, James
Minna, John D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-0767
Iyengar, Puneeth https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-7915
Infante, Rodney E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2605-822X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (1R01CA266900)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P30CA142543)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P50CA070907)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P50CA070907)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (1R01CA258684)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1P30DK127984)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK128166)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007745)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007745)
American Cancer Society (133889-RSG-19-195-01-TBE)
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (1019692)
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RP230140)
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RP210041)
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RP210041)
Article History
Received: 17 June 2024
Accepted: 19 December 2025
First Online: 30 January 2026
Competing interests
: All authors acknowledge no conflicts of interest related to this work except R.E.I. who maintains collaborative cancer cachexia research projects with Pfizer, Inc. and J.D.M. who receives royalties from the National Institute of Health and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center for distribution of human tumor cell lines.