Kelly, Colette L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3660-4442
Chang, Bonnie X. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-8655
Emmanuelli, Andrea F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-0295
Park, Ellen R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5808-9958
Macdonald, Alison M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-6137
Nicholson, David P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2653-9349
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (OCE-2023545)
National Science Foundation (OCE-2048518)
National Science Foundation (OCE-2023545)
National Science Foundation (OCE-1923387)
National Science Foundation (OCE-1946578)
National Science Foundation (OCE-2110258)
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Doherty Postdoc Scholarship
Article History
Received: 17 October 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 26 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.