She, Xiaojie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-7081
Xu, Zhihang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-3439
Ma, Qiang
Qian, Qiming
Shi, Hui
Li, Molly Meng-Jung https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-9701
Xiong, Pei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6023-312X
Zhu, Ye
Ji, Mengxia
Li, Huaming
Xu, Hui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2823-5915
Zheng, Junlin
Xu, Tongwen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9221-5126
Yang, Weimin
Ren, Jingzheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-5183
Lau, Shu Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-8472
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1-CD7U, 1-BBDV, 1-BBFN, and 8-CDCW)
China Petrochemical Corporation (H-ZGMC)
Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 23 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Competing interests
: S.P.L. and X.J.S. have filed a US patent application (no. 18/898853) covering the catalyst HDF-GDE and the MEA architecture. The other authors declare no competing interests.