Li, Yuxuan https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7071-8833
Zhang, Yulong
Liang, Shengqiang
Cao, Daye
Ye, Weifeng
Hu, Zebin
Xie, Jindian
Ban, Qinan
Zhou, Xiaoqin
Quan, Chengzi
Sun, Sujing
Zhao, Man
Xing, Xiaowen
Zhou, Qianqian
Bai, Jiawei
Zhan, Linsheng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-2266
Wang, Daming https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5572-5090
Wang, Xiaohui https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3091-0219
Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 5 February 2026
Competing interests
: Xiaohui Wang, Yuxuan Li, Yulong Zhang, and Linsheng Zhan are inventors on patent applications related to this work. ZL202510179568.2 and PCT/CN2025/102766 (“A structurally intact red blood cell membrane and its preparation method and applications”) list Xiaohui Wang, Yuxuan Li, Yulong Zhang, and Linsheng Zhan as inventors and covers the structurally intact red blood cell membrane reagent and its preparation/usage described in this manuscript. CN202211140521.8 (“A point-of-care testing card for reverse blood typing and blood group antibody titration and its preparation method and applications”) lists Xiaohui Wang, Yulong Zhang, Yuxuan Li, and Linsheng Zhan as inventors and covers the POCT card format and associated assay workflow used for reverse typing and antibody titration in this manuscript. The other authors declare no competing interests.