Liu, Zhengzheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-9459
Cai, Junzhuo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4144-5623
Dong, Shuming
Qin, Chaoxiu
Lv, Zhuoran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4361-3141
Yang, Yu
Wang, Jiacheng Jayden
Gong, Jiaxu
Zhang, Huibin
Cao, Huazhen
Guan, Anxiang
Tian, Zhangliu
Han, Qing https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5235-975X
Li, Fengwang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1531-2966
Huang, Fuqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-5473
Lv, Ximeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-2349
Zheng, Guoqu
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22409031)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22509185)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22306135)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22175022)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22222901)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2025M781024)
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LY24B030009)
ARC Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide
Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 23DZ1200800)
National key research and development program of China
Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.