Youngblood, Mark W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-8015
Tripathi, Shashwat
Najem, Hinda https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-9708
Congivaram, Harrshavasan
Gomez, Mateo
Sears, Thomas K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3834-2439
Hurley, Lisa
Billingham, Leah K.
Silvers, Caylee
Wang, Wenxia
Tiek, Deanna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-7691
Sadagopan, Nishanth
Chaliparambil, Rahul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4345-5393
Pu, Qianyi
Wai, Ching Man
Choudhury, Abrar https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8312-2457
Steffens, Alicia
McCortney, Kathleen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7085-830X
Vazquez Cervantes, Gustavo Ignacio
Oyon, Daniel
Fernandez, Luis
Selner, Ashley
Fares, Jawad
Hagan, Matthew
Joy Trybula, S.
Yeung, Jacky https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-5738
Peyre, Matthieu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-9516
Kalamarides, Michel
Zhang, Peng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-7571
Stegh, Alexander H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-7967
Ashley, David M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4754-5900
Horbinski, Craig M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8340-9992
Ahrendsen, Jared T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-6544
Jamshidi, Pouya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2038-8589
Brat, Daniel J.
Lukas, Rimas V.
Stupp, Roger
Lesniak, Maciej S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-5107
Sonabend, Adam M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-1945
Dunn, Gavin P.
Chandler, James P.
Tate, Matthew C.
Magill, Stephen T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7835
Miska, Jason https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9608-2810
Curran, Michael A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-7207
Raleigh, David R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-8864
Heimberger, Amy B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8695
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (CA120813)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NS120547)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P30CA060553)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P50CA221747)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (T32CA009560)
U.S. Department of Defense (CA230856)
Article History
Received: 3 October 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Competing interests
: MAC declares the following competing interests: grants and personal fees from ImmunoGenesis that are relevant to the presented study, and unrelated work from Alligator Bioscience, ImmunOS, Oncoresponse, Kineta, Xencor, Astrazeneca. MAC holds the patent Cyclic dinucleotides as agonists of stimulator of interferon gene dependent signaling licensed to ImmunoGenesis, Inc. The remaining authors declare no potential competing interests related to the content of this manuscript.