Müller, David C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6471-6065
Murtha, Andrew J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-7656
Bacon, Jack V. W.
Stephenson, Maria
Wells, Connor
Vasquez-Rios, Carlos
Rostin, Kimia
Rebane, Lisa
Schönlau, Elena
Nikkola, Jussi
Alimohamed, Nimira
Basappa, Naveen S.
Finch, Daygen
Ko, Jenny J.
Lavoie, Jean-Michel
Nappi, Lucia
Noonan, Krista
Ong, Michael
Ozgun, Guliz
Parimi, Sunil
Soleimani, Maryam
Sridhar, Srikala S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6994-1285
Toren, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5762-5787
Winquist, Eric https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-5979
Bernales, Cecily Q.
Koudjanian, Melissa
Atwal, Jaskirat
Fung, Emily
Khan, Laiba
Eigl, Bryndan
Othman, Dalia
Bismar, Tarek A.
Wang, Gang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-4173
Merza, Reem
Papadakis, Andreas I.
Spatz, Alan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-1420
Kollmannsberger, Christian
Maurice-Dror, Corinne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-4497
Annala, Matti https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8478-9026
Chi, Kim N.
Vandekerkhove, Gillian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5606-0908
Wyatt, Alexander W. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-0329
Eigl, Bernhard J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-6929
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT180417)
Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (N/a)
Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Competing interests
: D.C.M.: Honoraria—EMD Serono; Travel, Accommodations, Expenses—EMD Serono. A.J.M.: Honoraria—EMD Serono; Travel, Accommodations, Expenses—EMD Serono. L.N.: Honoraria—Bayer; Ipsen; Janssen; Pfizer; Tersera; Consulting or Advisory Role—Bayer; Eisai; Ipsen; Novartis; Pfizer; Research Funding - Bayer (Inst); Travel, Accommodations, Expenses—Pfizer, Ipsen. P.T. has served on advisory boards and/or received honoraria from Bayer, Astellas and has contract research agreements (via institution) with AstraZeneca and Janssen. E.W.: Honoraria—EMD Serono; Travel, Accommodations, Expenses—Eisai; Consulting or Advisory Role—Bayer, Eisai, EMD Serono, Merck, Roche; Research Funding—Lilly, Novartis, Merck. A.S. has served on advisory boards to Janssen. C.M.D.: Pfizer, Merck, Astra Zenca, Novartis, consulting/advisory: Biomica Ltd, Merck, Pfizer and Eisai, Novartis, travel expenses: Janssen, GSK, Pfizer. G.V.: research funding from Gilead Sciences; travel expenses, honoraria and/or advisory board roles from Gilead Sciences, Janssen, and EMD Serono. A.W.W. has served on advisory boards and/or received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Astellas, Bayer, EMD Serono, Janssen, Merck, and Pfizer; and has contract research agreements (via institution) with ESSA Pharma, Tyra Biosciences, and Promontory Therapeutics. The remaining authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.