Zhou, Yin
Ng, Cheuk Chi A.
Liu, Chengxi
Tam, Wai Man
Lau, Francis C. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-0899
Yao, Zhong-Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-9632
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (R5013-19F, C5026-24GF, C4002-20WF, C4014-23G, CRS_CUHK405/23, and AoE/M-402/25-N)
Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 28 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: Y.Z., C.C.A.N., C.L., and Z.P.Y. are inventors for a related patent entitled “Data storage using proteins” (Zhongping Yao, Yin Zhou, Cheuk Chi Ng, Chengxi Liu, PCT patent application No. PCT/CN2023/108347, filed on 20 July 2023; CN patent application No. 202380100287.2, filed on 7 Jan 2026; US Non-Provisional patent application No. 19/501,196, filed on 12 January 2026; EP patent application No. 23945486.1, filed on 16 January 2026). W.M.T. and F.C.M.L. declare no competing interests.