Deng, Ye
Wu, Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-6071
Lu, Xin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-6493
Holme, Petter https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2156-1096
Li, Daqing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-351X
Di, Zengru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-298X
Chen, Guanrong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-7418
Kurths, Jürgen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-4276
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72571031)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72201035)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72025405)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72421002)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (92467302)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72225012)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72288101)
Innovation Teams Project in Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2025A1515011586)
the Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology—National Science and Technology Major Project
Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.