Tao, Yuansheng https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0104-5709
Feng, Hanke https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-5352
Fang, Yuan
Xie, Xiangzhi
Zeng, Yuansong
Wu, Yifan
Ge, Tong
Zhang, Yiwen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-4175
Chen, Zhaoxi
Tao, Zihan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4014-5927
Xu, Jie
Shu, Haowen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-8661
Wang, Xingjun
Yu, Xianghao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8206-2544
Wang, Cheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-1422
Funding for this research was provided by:
Croucher Foundation (9509005)
City University of Hong Kong (9610682)
Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 26 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Competing interests
: H.F., Z.C. and C.W. are involved in developing lithium niobate technologies at RhinoptiX Technology Ltd. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.