Reimann, Stefan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9885-7138
Western, Luke M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-711X
Lickley, Megan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-8784
Sherry, David
Daniel, John S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9903-1007
Kuijpers, Lambert J. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0979-9694
Montzka, Stephen A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-0400
Rigby, Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-9253
Velders, Guus J. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6597-7088
Vollmer, Martin K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-9718
Emmenegger, Lukas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9812-3986
Liang, Qing
Park, Sunyoung
Solomon, Susan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581
Funding for this research was provided by:
Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy, and Communications | Bundesamt für Umwelt (CLIMGAS-CH)
Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy, and Communications | Bundesamt für Umwelt (CLIMGAS-CH)
Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy, and Communications | Bundesamt für Umwelt (CLIMGAS-CH)
RCUK | Natural Environment Research Council (NE/X00452X/1)
RCUK | Natural Environment Research Council (NE/X00452X/1)
National Science Foundation (2128617)
National Science Foundation (2128617)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (ACMAP)
Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.