Callaghan, Neal I. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-3395
Durland, Lauren J.
Chen, Wenliang
Kuzmanov, Uros https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-6986
Miranda, Maria Zena
Ding, Yu https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7635-063X
Mirzaei, Zahra
Ireland, Ronald G.
Reitz, Cristine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-0501
Gorman, Renée A.
Wang, Erika Yan
Wagner, Karl https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-7622
Kim, Michelle M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-2936
Audet, Julie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5599-6074
Santerre, J. Paul
Gramolini, Anthony O. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1109-2070
Billia, Filio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2824-1215
Radisic, Milica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-4135
Mital, Seema https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7643-4484
Ellis, James https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-0091
Backx, Peter H.
Simmons, Craig A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7729-1772
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-175231)
Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CPG-151946)
Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (CHRPJ 508366-17)
Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research
Article History
Received: 23 September 2024
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Competing interests
: NIC and CAS have assigned their interest in the intellectual property associated with the C16 formulation and its applications to the University of Toronto, which has filed a patent application (US 63/280,388; Maturation Medium for Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes). This IP has been licensed to Censo Biotechnologies Ltd. T/A Axol Bioscience (Cambridge, UK). All other authors declare no competing interests.