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Authors
Gu, Shaojie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-3007
Kimura, Yasuhiro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-451X
Cui, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8731-9695
Morita, Yasuyuki https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1733-9588
Isoi, Sora
Liu, Chang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-755X
Yan, Xinming
Ju, Bingfeng
Yang, Huayong
Toku, Yuhki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-0636
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (17H06146)
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 27 February 2026
First Online: 13 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: Y.J., S.G., Y.T., Y.M., and Y.K. are inventors on a patent application related to electric-current-induced modification of heterogeneous microstructures in dual-phase titanium alloys (Chinese Patent Application No. 202511501868.4 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-188841). All other authors declare no competing interests.
