Liu, Shizuo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8309-0731
Hu, Shineng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3791-5389
Seager, Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-9707
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC22K1025)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC22K1025)
National Science Foundation (AGS-2127684)
Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.