Peng, Dong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4050-4337
Xu, Rongbin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1906-8614
Hales, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4529-7595
Morawska, Lidia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-9683
Chen, Gongbo
Yang, Zhengyu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7291-4475
Zhang, Yiwen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-4147
Abramson, Michael J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9954-0538
Li, Shanshan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-8470
Guo, Yuming https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1766-6592
Article History
Received: 5 June 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Competing interests
: M.J.A. holds investigator initiated grants from Pfizer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi for unrelated research. He has undertaken an unrelated consultancy for Sanofi and received a speaker’s fee from GSK. The other authors declare no competing interests. The funding bodies did not play any role in the study design, data collection, data analyses, results interpretation, and writing of this manuscript.