Swinfield, Tom https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9354-5090
Williams, Abby https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-5880
Coomes, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-2582
Dales, Michael
Ferris, Patrick
Guizar-Coutiño, Alejandro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3509-9624
Hartup, James https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0632-2660
Holland, Jody
Jaffer, Sadiq https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4120-3244
Jones, Julia P. G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-3335
Lam, Miranda O. K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5435-1453
Keshav, Srinivasan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-0464
Madhavapeddy, Anil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-2428
Toye-Scott, Eleanor
West, Thales A. P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-6516
Balmford, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-3589
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tezos Foundation
Article History
Received: 25 July 2024
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Competing interests
: The Cambridge Centre for Carbon Credits (4 C) has no commercial interest in carbon credits. T.S. has an advisory position with Symbiosis, an initiative to finance carbon storage in nature. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. A.B., A.M., D.C. and S.K. are trustees and E.T.S. and T.S. are founders of Canopy PACT, an initiative to integrate science into nature-based credit markets.