Chen, Peng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-0279
Ingla-Aynés, Josep https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-1570
Chang, Chen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-2530
Park, Eugene https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9162
Heiman, Don
Ross, Frances M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-9770
Chi, Hang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-1150
Moodera, Jagadeesh S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-1211
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (DMR-1905662)
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-20-1-0247)
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-25-1-0215)
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-20-2-0061, DURIP W911NF-20-1-0074)
Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2024-06497)
Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 17 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.