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Broderick, Claire M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-4527

Powell, Oliver

Nichols, Sam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-0610

D’Souza, Giselle

Habgood-Coote, Dominic https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-0335

Miranda-Sole, Carlota https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0800-7794

Whettlock, Emily M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-1897

Gardener, Zoe

Bergstrom, Emma

Wright, Victoria J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-1516

Woods, Christopher W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7240-2453

Chiu, Christopher https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-920X

Newton, Sandra M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6545-9558

Whittaker, Elizabeth

Levin, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2767-6919

Kaforou, Myrsini https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-4007

Funding for this research was provided by:

Wellcome Trust (206508/Z/17/Z)

RCUK | MRC | Medical Research Foundation (MRF-160-0008-ELP-KAFO-C0801)

Rosetrees Trust (Major Grant PGL22/100101)

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ((Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance. Contract no. HHSN272201400008C))

United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract no. 140D6319C00236)

European Commission (DIAMONDS (Horizon 2020; grant 848196) and PERFORM (Horizon 2020 grant 668303))

DH | National Institute for Health Research (see below)

Wellcome 4i NIHR Imperial BRC PhD Fellowship, grant RDA02 NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility Kwok Foundation

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-06-11

Version of Record valid from 2026-06-11