Yim, Junhyeong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6709-0926
Lee, Jaeseok https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-6792
Kim, Solbi
Choi, Jieun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-0982
Yoon, Soyoung
Cho, Hana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-2013
Jung, Sunbin
Yoo, GaYeon
Lee, Sanghee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-5916
Park, Hankum https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-3249
Lee, Juyong
Park, Jongmin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-9346
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education (RS-2023-00301850)
Ministry of Education (2019R1A6C1010006)
Ministry of Education (5120200513755)
Ministry of Education (RS-2023-00301976)
National Research Foundation of Korea (2023R1A2C1007899)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00271205)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00250887)
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022R1C1C1005080)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00256320)
Seoul National University (860-20250088)
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (RS-2023-00220628)
Article History
Received: 23 October 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 26 May 2026
Competing interests
: Juyong Lee is serving as the Chief Technology Officer of Arontier and holds stock options in the company. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.