Truong-Quoc, Chien https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-1322
Jeon, Kyounghwa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2020-9736
Kim, Jinho https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4302-9863
Kwon, Seo Hyun https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4735-8004
Seo, Dongsik
Lee, Chanseok https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7969-4345
Kim, Do-Nyun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0896-4552
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2024-00346176)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2026-25490531)
Youlchon Foundation
National Supercomputing Center
Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 13 May 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Competing interests
: D.-N.K., C.L., C.T.-Q., and K.J. are co-inventors on a patent application filed with the Ministry of Intellectual Property (MOIP) of the Republic of Korea. The application covers the generative diffusion model framework for DNA nanostructure design as described in this manuscript. The application was filed by Seoul National University R&DB Foundation, Korea, and Youlchon Foundation (Nongshim Corporation and affiliated companies), Korea (No. 10-2026-0067822) and is currently pending. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.