Zimmerman, S. P.
Delaney, C. D.
Lau, B. K.
DeGraw, L. B.
Rupprecht, G. H.
Groot Koerkamp, M. J. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-0821
de Souza, T.
Drost, J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2941-6179
Schoot, R. A.
Meister, M. T. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-721X
Shern, J. F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-7625
Wagner, L. M.
Wang, G. G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-9940
Wood, K. C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-2253
Linardic, C. M.
Counter, C. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-3079
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U54CA231630)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA269272)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (F32CA236183)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA271603)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U54CA231630)
Article History
Received: 15 January 2025
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Competing interests
: C.M.C. is co-Founder of Merlon Inc, a member of the External Advisory Board for the University of Colorado Cancer Center, has a cross appointment with Duke-NUS, is an ex-officio of the executive team for the Cancer Biology Training Consortium, has previously consulted for the Guidepoint Network in an ad hoc fashion, and received licensing reimbursement from Humacyte Inc. C.M.L. has received research funding from Ryvu, C.M.L.’s spouse is founder of Grid Therapeutics, and C.M.L.’s family has stock in LabCorp, and ThermoFisher. K.C.W. is a founder and equity holder at Tavros Therapeutics, Aurova Therapeutics, and Celldom, a scientific advisor and equity holder at Stelexis Therapeutics and Decrypt Bio, and has performed consulting work for Retroviral Proviromics, Guidepoint Global, Bantam Pharmaceuticals, Quantum SI, and Apple Tree Partners. R.A.S. is principal investigator on two investigator-initiated studies, for which research funding is contributed to the institution for the conduct of the study (Takeda, Pfizer). None of these relationships provided salary or research support, nor did they play a role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, or decision to publish for this project. The remaining authors have no conflicts to disclose.