Zhang, Jingwen https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6062-1523
Hong, So-hyeon
Wang, Xin
Jurgens, Sean J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-9782
Liu, Ching-Ti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0742
Dupuis, Josée https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871-3603
Ellinor, Patrick T.
O’Connor, George T.
Mei, Quanshun https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7502-8819
Choi, Seung Hoan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-3190
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (5R01HL164824)
Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 4 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: P.T.E. receives sponsored research support from Bayer AG, IBM Research, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Novo Nordisk; and has served on advisory boards or consulted for Bayer AG. Other authors declare no competing interests.