Kim, Isabel K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-5174
Tian, Leqi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2791-5652
Chaffee, Ryan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-1000
Haller, Benjamin C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-8327
Champer, Jackson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3814-3774
Messer, Philipp W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8453-9377
Kim, Jaehee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5210-2004
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R35GM156957)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R35GM152242)
National Science Foundation (DGE2139899)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32270672)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (W2432018)
Center for Life Sciences
Article History
Received: 24 April 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 3 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.