Ren, Christopher
Leung, Geoffrey Ho Duen
Tang, Qiuqiong
Zhang, Peiran
Ma, Yongming
Xin, Ying
Lok, Sarah Wing Yan
Pun, Frank W.
Zhavoronkov, Alex
Article History
Received: 2 December 2024
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Competing interests
: G.H.D.L., Q.Q.T., P.R.Z., Y.A.M., Y.X., S.W.Y.K., F.W.P. and A.Z. are affiliated with Insilico Medicine, a commercial company that develops and utilizes AI platforms for therapeutic target discovery, drug repurposing, and indication expansion. C.R. declares no competing interests.