Ma, Peiyu
Wang, Di
Kong, Weixin
Xu, Dake
Lovley, Derek R.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (52425112)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3808800)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A2032)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N25LPY006)
Article History
Received: 18 December 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.