Dhungana, Asim
Vannier, Augustin
Zhao, Fangyuan
Freeman, Jincong Q. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-2146
Saha, Poornima http://orcid.org/0009-0005-6609-7188
Sullivan, Megan
Yao, Katharine
Flores, Elbio M.
Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
Pearson, Alexander T. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-7456
Huo, Dezheng
Howard, Frederick M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6039-1141
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (K08CA283261, 1R25CA240134-01, U01-CA243075, 1P20-CA233307)
U.S. Department of Defense (BC211095P1, BC211095P1, BC211095P1)
Cancer Research Foundation
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute
Susan G. Komen (TREND21675016, SAC 210203, SAC 210203)
Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF-21-071, BCRF-21-071)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (K08-DE026500)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute
Article History
Received: 2 August 2023
Accepted: 1 June 2024
First Online: 15 June 2024
Competing interests
: A.D., A.V., F.Z., J.Q.F, P.S., M.S., K.Y., E.M.F., and D.H. report no competing financial or non-financial conflicts of interest. O.I.O reports ownership interest in 54Gene, CancerIQ, and Tempus and financial interest in Color Genomics, Healthy Life for All Foundation, and Roche/Genetech. A.T.P reports consulting fees from Prelude Biotherapeutics, LLC, Ayala Pharmaceuticals, Elvar Therapeutics, Abbvie, and Privo, and contracted research with Kura Oncology and Abbvie. F.M.H. reports consulting fees from Novartis.
: All experiments were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the study was approved by the University of Chicago Institutional Review Board, IRB 22-0707. For model training, anonymized patient data was obtained from the NCDB<sup>17</sup>, this data is collected passively through cancer registries and is exempt from informed consent. For validation, a cohort of 970 anonymized patients were identified at the University of Chicago Medical Center, with data collected from January 1st 2006 through April 30th 2023. Informed consent for the validation cohort was waived, as patients had previously consented to the secondary use of their clinical data.