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Article History

Received: 9 September 2024

Accepted: 2 September 2025

First Online: 24 October 2025

Competing interests

: M.Ta. received research grants from Yakult, Guardant Health Japan, and Medbis and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Chugai, Taiho, MSD, Eisai, Exact Science, Kyowa Kirin, and Pfizer. M.Ta. is also a member of the board of directors of the Japan Breast Cancer Research Group Association (JBCRG) and the Kyoto Breast Cancer Research Network (KBCRN). S.S. received research grants from Taiho, Eisai, Chugai, Takeda, MSD, Astra Zeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Gilead, Eli Lilly, and Sanofi, lecture fees from Chugai, Kyowa Kirin, MSD, Novartis, Eisai, Takeda, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Astra Zeneca, Pfizer, Taiho, Ono, Nipponkayaku, Gilead, Exact Sciences, and has an advisory role for Chugai/Roche, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Kyowa Kirin, Daiichi Sankyo, and MSD. T.U. received lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai, Eisai, and Novartis and a research grant from Eli Lilly. N.M. received research grants from AstraZeneca, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, MSD, Novartis, Ono-Pharma, and Pfizer; and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, and Pfizer. N.M. is also a member of the board of directors of the Japan Breast Cancer Society (JBCS), the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO), and JBCRG. H.Is. received research grants from Eisai, Daiichi Sankyo, Chugai, Takeda, Astra Zeneca, MSD, and Ono and lecture fees from Eisai, Chugai, Kyowa Kirin, Daiichi Sankyo, Taiho, Astra Zeneca, MSD, and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma. S.I. received research grants from Chugai, Taiho, and Eisai. S.O. received lecture fees from Kyowa Kirin, Eli Lilly, MSD, Chugai, and Nippon Kayaku. H.Iw. received consulting fees from Daichi Sankyo, Chugai, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, and Gilead, and lecture fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Chugai, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Taiho, and Kyowa Kirin. K.A. received lecture fees from Chugai, Eisai, AstraZeneca, Taiho, Novartis, Daiichi Sankyo, Mochida, Ono, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Astellas, Nestle Japan, and Gilead Science and research grants from Chugai, Eisai, and Takeda. M.To. received research grants from Chugai, Takeda, Pfizer, Taiho, JBCRG, KBCRN, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Shimadzu, Yakult, Nippon Kayaku, AFI technology, Luxonus, Shionogi, GL Science, and Sanwa Shurui, lecture fees from Chugai, Takeda, Pfizer, Kyowa Kirin, Taiho, Eisai, Daiichi Sankyo, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, MSD, Exact Science, Novartis, Shimadzu, Yakult, Nippon Kayaku, Devicore Medical Japan, and Sysmex, and advisory fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, BMS, Bertis, Terumo, and Kansai Medical Net. M.To. is also a member of the board of directors of JBCRG, KBCRN, JBCS, and Organisation for Oncology and Translational Research. All other authors declare no financial or non-financial competing interests.