Document is current

Article History

Received: 5 June 2025

Accepted: 14 February 2026

First Online: 5 March 2026

Competing interests

: A.M. reports personal fees from Menarini/Stemline, Roche, Lilly and AstraZeneca, outside the submitted work; reports travel support from Menarini/Stemline, AstraZeneca and Daiichi-Sankyo, outside the submitted work; and is supported by the ESMO José Baselga Fellowship for Clinician Scientists sponsored by AstraZeneca, outside the submitted work. F.P. reports membership on the Scientific Advisory Board of MultiplexDx and has received consulting fees and served on advisory boards for AstraZeneca. D.B.S. has consulted/received honoraria from Pfizer, Fog Pharma, PaigeAI, BridgeBio, Scorpion Therapeutics, FORE Therapeutics, Function Oncology, Pyramid, and Elsie Biotechnologies, Inc., Meliora Therapeutics, Inc. B.W. reports research funding from Repare Therapeutics and SAGA Diagnostics, paid to the institution. J.S.R.-F. is an employee of AstraZeneca and owns AstraZeneca stocks. Prior Conflicts of Interest in the last 2 years include the receipt of personal fees for the following activities: Board Membership at Grupo Oncoclinicas, consultant for Goldman Sachs Merchant Banking, consultant for Bain Capital, consultant for and SAB member of Paige.ai, consultant for and SAB member of Repare Therapeutics, Consultant of SAGA Diagnostics, Consultant of Personalis, and consultant at Multiplex Dx.