Xie, Yu
Wang, Menghang
Ramakers, Senja
Spaepen, Frans
Kozinsky, Boris
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0020128)
U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure (2118201)
U.S. National Science Foundation (DMR-2011754)
U.S. National Science Foundation (DMR-2011754)
Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 16 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.