Wang, Hongchen
Castañeda, Rafael Espinosa
Werber, Jay R.
Fehlis, Yao
Kim, Edward
Hattrick-Simpers, Jason
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Alliance grants (ALLRP 601812-24)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Alliance grants (ALLRP 601812-24)
Canada First Research Excellence Fund (CFREF-2022-00042)
National Research Council of Canada’s Critical Battery Materials Initiative (CBMI-002-1)
Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.