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Article History

Received: 20 July 2021

Accepted: 15 July 2022

First Online: 5 September 2022

Competing interests

: J.F.G.: Scientific Advisory Board member and has a financial interest in Triplet Therapeutics, Inc. His NIH-funded project is using genetic and genomic approaches to uncover other genes that significantly influence when diagnosable symptoms emerge and how rapidly they worsen in Huntington disease. The company is developing new therapeutic approaches to address triplet repeat disorders such Huntington’s disease, myotonic dystrophy and spinocerebellar ataxias. His interests were reviewed and are managed by Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict of interest policies. G.B.L.: Consulting services, advisory board functions, clinical trial services and/or lectures for Allergan, Alnylam, Amarin, AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals AG, Bayer Pharma AG, CHDI Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann-LaRoche, Ipsen, ISIS Pharma, Lundbeck, Neurosearch Inc, Medesis, Medivation, Medtronic, NeuraMetrix, Novartis, Pfizer, Prana Biotechnology, Sangamo/Shire, Siena Biotech, Temmler Pharma GmbH and Teva Pharmaceuticals. He has received research grant support from the CHDI Foundation, the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the European Commission (EU-FP7, JPND). His study site Ulm has received compensation in the context of the observational Enroll-HD Study, TEVA, ISIS and Hoffmann-Roche and the Gossweiler Foundation. He receives royalties from the Oxford University Press and is employed by the State of Baden-Württemberg at the University of Ulm. A.E.R.: Chair of European Huntington’s Disease Network (EHDN) executive committee, Global PI for Triplet Therapeutics L.J. is a member of the scientific advisory boards of LoQus23 Therapeutics and Triplet Therapeutics. T.H.M. is an associate member of the scientific advisory board of LoQus23 Therapeutics. J-M.L is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of GenEdit, Inc., J.D.L is a paid board member for F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and uniQure biopharma B.V., and he is a paid consultant for Vaccinex Inc, Wave Life Sciences USA Inc, Genentech Inc, Triplet Therapeutics Inc, PTC Therapeutics Inc, and Remix Therapeutics. S.L., B.Mc., J-M.L., M.E.M., M.R., N.M.W., M.O. and P.H.: nothing to disclose.